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[[File:VR arcade.png|thumb|Figure 5. VR Arcade Machines (Image: www.vrs.org.uk)]]

[[File:VR arcade.png|thumb|Figure 5. VR Arcade Machines (Image: www.vrs.org.uk)]]

VR is made possible using electronics and computer technology. More primitive ideas can be implemented using more primitive technology, such as a fixed stereoscope, or panoramic murals (or 360-degree murals). These fill the viewer’s field of vision with the intention of making them feel a sense of presence at a certain historical event or scene.<ref name=”1”> Virtual Reality Society. History of Virtual Reality. Retrieved from https://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality/history.html</ref> <ref name=”2”> The Franklin Institute. History of Virtual Reality. Retrieved from https://www.fi.edu/virtual-reality/history-of-virtual-reality</ref>

VR is made possible using electronics and computer technology. More primitive ideas can be implemented using more primitive technology, such as a fixed [[stereoscope]], or panoramic murals (or 360-degree murals). These fill the viewer’s field of vision with the intention of making them feel a sense of presence at a certain historical event or scene.<ref name=”1”> Virtual Reality Society. History of Virtual Reality. Retrieved from https://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality/history.html</ref> <ref name=”2”> The Franklin Institute. History of Virtual Reality. Retrieved from https://www.fi.edu/virtual-reality/history-of-virtual-reality</ref>

Stereoscopes work because the brain processes different two-dimensional images for each eye into a single three dimensional-ish object. A stereoscope gives some sense of depth and immersion.<ref name=”1”></ref> <ref name=”2”></ref> <ref name=”3”> Gemsense. Virtual Reality: History, projections and developments. Retrieved from http://gemsense.cool/virtual-reality-developments/</ref>

 

 

Charles Wheatstone demonstrated that the brain processes different two-dimensional images for each eye into a single three dimensional object (Figure 1). The [[stereoscope]] was invented in the same year and used twin mirrors to project a single image. When viewing two side by side stereoscopic images through a stereoscope, it gave the sense of depth and immersion.<ref name=”1”></ref> <ref name=”2”></ref> <ref name=”3”> Gemsense. Virtual Reality: History, projections and developments. Retrieved from http://gemsense.cool/virtual-reality-developments/</ref>

In 1839, William Gruber also patented the View-Master stereoscope which was used for “virtual tourism” and still is produced today. The design principles of the stereoscope can still be found in the [[Google Cardboard]] and low-budget VR headsets for smartphones.<ref name=”1”></ref><ref name=”3”></ref>

In 1839, William Gruber also patented the View-Master stereoscope which was used for “virtual tourism” and still is produced today. The design principles of the stereoscope can still be found in the [[Google Cardboard]] and low-budget VR headsets for smartphones.<ref name=”1”></ref><ref name=”3”></ref>